Process of making heat-insulating material.



` txammer liatenred J une 15, 1915.

; 0^-. 0R MSU? '-zCwSS. fferen@ PROCESS 0F MAKING HEAT viNSlILATHH'.MATERIAL. y M PLHIAI'IOIQ FILEDJULY 30.1310-` 1,142,829.

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yl;xamner @5106. CUMPUSI UW,

Comms oa PLAs'nc Cmgg 'Refer-enc@ F. 1. MAYwALn.

PROCESS 0F MAKING HEAT INSULAIING MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 30. |910.

Patented June 15 wlTNEssEs fll'itii'nnizlcx J. nimm, lor BooxLYm-amwYonx'.

PATENT OFFICE. f

HPBCESS OP IAIKING HEAT-INULATING l piumini mea nu so,

To all whom it may concern:

` America, and a resident of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and .'State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processesof Making Heat-Insulating Material, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a process of making heat insulating material,and particularly to a novel method of producing an interstitial solidcomposed in whole or in part of one or more of the alkaline silicatessuch as silicate of soda or the like. Such a material when heated to therequired degree loses its moisture and is converted into a hard,substantially insoluble cellular structure, which is very effective as aheat insulator, being well a lapted to prevent either egress or ingressof heat from or to the body protected thereby.

I have found in actual practice atendency, duringthe conversion of theraw material into a hard cellular structure by such application of heat, toward the ormation of large bubbles which seriously interfere withthe production of a structure of the desired character, namely, one inwhich the cells are small and substantially uniform in size throughout.Furthermore, crust formations are apt to result such as interfere'withthe required throwing oi of the moisture.

It is the main object of my present in- 'vention to avoid the formationof these large bubbles and as far as possible to prevent the productionof these crust, formations, and I attain this object by constantlymoving the mold in which the material is contained while beinfg treated.e i

A further object o my present invention is to produce heat insulatingstructures of tubular form such as may be conveniently employed as pipecoverings for'steam or specimen of Lenen ramt.

l mold' carrier' 12.

-Patented June 15, 1915.

1910. 'Ierill No. 574,592.

j the material employed is in the main silicate of soda or potash or thelike, for such a condition lends itself well to the ready introductionthereof into the mold,-and in any event such is as a rule the naturalcondition of the material I employ. This ma- 'terial' as before statedpreferably consists either wholly or in the main of one or more of thealkaline silicates, such as any of the grades of silicate of soda orpotash, either as single or double silicates. 'In combinationtherewith,-I may employ a minor proporltion of other materials such ascarbonate, oxid hydrate or chlorid of magnesium, or ealcium,and soforth, according t`o the renultsI desire to attain.

It will, of course, be understood that my In the drawing herewith, Adesignates a furnace, and B a rotatable mold carrier containng a mold Ctherein. The mold "carrier is provided with a sprocket wheeLD by whichrotary movements may be imparted thereto. A nozzle or perforated pipe Eis also provided by which the material to be treated maybe introducedinto the mold.

With A ecial reference to Figure 1, lhave shown a 1111 closing a furnacechamber 11 which is heated by any desired means. Rotatably mounted inthe furnace and passing longitudinally through 'the furnace chamber is atubular This mold ca'rrier is mounted to rotate in suitable bearingpltes .13 in the end wall's'f the furnace. any suitable-or desired forniof bearin elements or f faces being employed, as wi l be well unliotwater pipes or the like, or for pipes for derstood. Mounted upon one ofthe ends 0f conveying'- cooling iiuids as inrefrigerating systems, andto this end I conveniently em.' ploy a tubular mold and impart ra idmove. ments of rotation thereto, 'so that e centrifugal force thusgenerated will cause the* material in the mold to be thrown toward thewalls thereof and thus to assume and maintain a tubular shape during thebaking and hardening operation.. The raw material is desirably in liquidor semi-liquid form, as would be the case where for carrying outmyinvention the material 90 ace 10 of conventional form nratus forcarrying out my invention w ich comprises a pipe 26 which entersthegmold Vand is provlded with orifices 27 through which the materialmay be forced. In operation a mold is .first-fitted to the carrier andheat is then applied to it and the mold rotated at 'a somewhat high rateof speed. The: terial is. then introduced into the moldher by means ofthe-atomizingheads 24, or pipe 26, or otherwise, and after a "while themoisture in the material thus introduced is driven off and it commencesto be converted into a cellular structure. .If the material isfed slowlythis structure is built gradually until a structure of the -clesirethickness is attained, while on-tl1e other hand, if it is introducedsubstantially in bulk, then a .tubular structure is formed by thecentrifugal force consequent upon the rapid revolution of the moldcarrier, the

, cellular. structure being then formed in mass. In any event the rapid,rotation of the mold tends to enforce an equal distribution of the heat,to prevent large bubbles being formed and thus to insure a uniformity ofstructure, and to a large degree to prevent the development of crustformations. After all the material has been converted into a cellularstructurev of the desired size, heat is preferably applied for some-`time longer, to the end that the inal structure may be substantiallyinsoluble, for I'have :found that the additional application of Aheattends to reduce the solubility of the material. l

What I claim is: l. The herein described process of'making a heatinsulating structure which consists in introducing a material comprisingin A the main a. liquid silicate into a forming mold, rotating the moldat a relativelyhigh s d to' uniformly distribute lthe liquid t erein bycentrifugal action, and inapplying heat thereto to bake, expand andarden the material and to prevent the formation of large bubbles,whereby a Afine raired uniform cellular structure is prouce 2. Theherein described process of making a heat insulating structure whichconsists in introducing a material comprising in the main a liquidsilicate into a mo d a little at Va time, and in applyin heat thereto tobake, expand and harden t e same while it is being so applied, whereby ahomogeneous cellular structure of the desired size and thickness isbuilt up gradually.

3. The herein described process of making a heat insulating structurewhich consists in atomizing a material comprising in the main a solublesilicate in liquid form, and in introducincr the material in atomizedform'into a mold while heat Ais being aplied thereto, whereby ahomogeneous celular structure ofthe desired size and thickness is builtup gradually.

4. The herein described process of making a heat insulating structurewhich consists in graduallyintroduci a' material comprising in the maina liqui silicate, into a mold while heat is being applied thereto, andin rotating the mold at t e same time whereby a homogeneous cellularstructureof the desired and thicknessis built up|` gradually.

, 5. The herein described process of making,"

geneous cellular structure of the desired size and thickness is built upgradually.

e FREDERICK J. Witnesses:`

D. Howann Harwoon,

F. B. Gnus.

